Title

Executive summary

Introduction

Description

Results

Conclusions

Software, references, tables, and other work

Most significant original achievement on the project

Acknowledgments 10

Executive Summary

	Upon starting our project we decided to focus on a problem that
had to do with aerodynamics,
 and racing. At our school we often saw spoilers or rear wings mounted on
the back of student's cars to 
make them look like the car was faster. These wings are really not needed
on street cars that a student 
might own, so we decided to focus on the situation where they are needed,
on cars that rely on the traction
 that it provides to the rear tires of the car. Our initial research was
to produce some basic 
information and ideas to better educate ourselves on the subject. Then we
used some web sites 
we found to produce equations we would be able to use in a C ++ program to
produce information 
we were not able to find on the Internet. We also found information on the
Indy car (which has already had
 the down force tested on it to help us realize if the smaller spoiler
were needed.
Various important parts of our project include information that we
gathered on the drag coefficients
 that we used as variables in our C++ equations. We also found a multitude
of equations that we used to produce various pieces of information
vital to accomplishing our ultimate goal.

	
Introduction

Down force. These control many of today's traveling and transportation
necessities. With this, 
many of the cars today would not have the sleek design and massive speeds
they accomplish today. 
By using the help of the Internet and computer programming it helped us
realize the basic 
fundamentals of Berilli's Law. Our project was based on the aerodynamics
rear wing or spoilers 
placed on the fast placed Indy cars. We were wondering what was the down
force needed to successfully
 keep the car on the ground. Also by using this information to determine
why some new models of cars 
have small spoilers mounted on the back. Our project will test these
principles, uses equations and 
all of our programming abilities to successfully fulfill our computational
science project.  
The first of our C++ programs was able to produce the drag we needed but
we lacked the appropriate
 equations that we needed to incorporate into our program to produce the
down force. After doing
 extensive research on the Internet we were able to find some equations
that gave us what we needed
 but it was very difficult math that none of our team members understood.
But we were able to find
 long extensive explanations of the equations. These equations were
simplified and tested so we were
 able to understand
 
Results

We have found, in the results of our project, that there has to be a
perfect median between
 the down force to drag ratio. Jim Hall, in 1966, mounted a slanted wing
on his stock racecar.
 For many months, he tweaked the rear wing until he achieved the down
force and results he wanted.
 With this new rear wing design he won nearly every race he entered. He
was the inventor of the
 rear wing. He, as well as us found that when there is too much down force
on the rear wing,
 thus having too much drag, the car cannot achieve very high speeds.  If
there is too 
little down force and too little drag, the car will achieve high speeds,
but it will 
not have enough down force to keep the car on the ground. This lack of
down force causes
 a pocket or air to form under the car; pushing the car up and making it
flip over backwards.
 We found that when air hits the streamlined rear wing it creates high
pressure on top of the
 wing and low pressure on the bottom. With this high pressure on top of
the wing it creates 
drag and pushes the car down without fear of leaving the ground. This
exact opposite theory 
is used in airplane wings to create lift or high pressure under the wing.    


Conclusion

 We found that the of the correct amount of down force and speed so that
the conditions are ideal. With this we used the Indy cars with the
abilities to accomplish great amounts speeds and can produce massive
amounts of down force. With this we tested out numbers of different shapes
and found the drag. with the drag we used the equation of:
Drag = 1/361* Cd* A* V2
V= velocity
A= Frontal Area
Cd= Drag coefficient (Figure 1 the shapes represent the drag coefficient
that is available 

Using these equations we were able to find the Drag which is the key
element in finding the down force. 
Cl = Clo + (Cla * alpha)
  where:

    Cl = coefficient of lift 
    Clo = coefficient of lift at zero angle of attack
    Cla = lift curve slope (the slope of Cl versus alpha)
    alpha = angle of attack

Added to this equation are the factors associated with the object. It was
noted in the previous section that the frontal area was important in the
amount of drag produced, and this fits into the equation, along with what
is termed the 'Drag Coefficient' - a value which says how slippery the
shape is. This is the same for down force, only using the 'Coefficient of
Lift', which quantifies the objects ability to produce lift or down force
(negative lift).
	Using these equations in a program would tell you what the speed
and angle of attack would tell how fast the car would be going. To be able
to use down force. 
Since most street legal cars on the road can not go to speeds of 225 mph
the spoiler is useless and does more harm than good because it creates
drag in the frontal area of the car.   

 Software, references, tables, and other work

One C++ Program

#include 
int main()
{
double c,a,v,d,product;
cout << "This is our project3.c program." << endl;
cout << "Please enter the Drag Coeficient" << endl;
cin >> c;
cout << "Now enter the frontal area of the shape" << endl;
cin >> a;
cout << "Now enter the velocity" << endl;
cin >> v;
cout << "Now enter .002557544757033" << endl;
cin >> d;
product = c * a * v * d;
cout << "The drag of "<< d << " times "<< c << " times "<< a <<" times "<<
v <<" is "<< product << endl;
return (0);
}

Most Significant Original Achievement

We really didn't have a totally original achievement because the racers
and designers of the modern day Indy cars have unlimited resources and
unlimited funds that go directly into finding down force and drag ratios.
That's their career, that is what they do for a living and they are very
good at it.  If we had to choose one achievement, we would choose that we
found the perfect median of down force and drag.  Although the shape was
the same as the shape that is used on all Indy cars, we found it the hard
way.  We went through all the steps and equations and eventually met our
goal.